Yb:KGW
Yb3+：KGd（WO4）2（Yb:KGW）是最有前途的激光活性材料之一。Yb:KGW晶體有望取代Nd:YAG晶體和Yb:YAG晶體應用于大功率二極管泵浦激光系統(tǒng)。Yb:KGW在高功率、短脈沖飛秒激光及其廣泛應用方面也具有巨大的潛力。
Yb3：KGW具有大的吸收系數，低的量子缺陷，高的吸收和發(fā)射截面
Yb離子簡單的二能級電子結構避免了上轉換、激發(fā)態(tài)吸收和濃度猝滅等非期望的損耗過程。與常用的Nd:YAG晶體相比，Yb:KGW晶體具有更大的吸收帶寬、3-4倍的發(fā)射壽命、更高的存儲容量、更低的量子缺陷，更適合于二極管泵浦。斯托克斯位移越小，加熱越小，激光效率越高。與Yb:YAG和Yb:YCOB等摻Yb激光晶體相比，Yb:KGW具有更高的吸收截面（13-17倍）、更低的量子缺陷（~4%）、比Yb:YCOB高9倍的發(fā)射截面和比Yb:YAG寬的發(fā)射帶、高的非線性折射系數和斜率效率最高（87%）。
特點
- 吸收線寬度寬，無需嚴格的溫度控制即可獲得相位匹配的LD泵浦源的泵浦波長；
- 量子缺陷低，泵浦波長非常接近激光輸出波長，導致固有的激光斜率效率高，理論上量子效率可達90％左右；
- 由于泵浦的能級接近激光的上限，因此沒有輻射弛豫的材料中的熱負荷很低，僅是摻釹釹激光材料的熱負荷的三分之一；
- 無激發(fā)態(tài)吸收和上轉換，光轉換效率高；
- 熒光壽命長，是相同的摻釹激光材料的三倍以上，有利于能量存儲；
物理和化學特性
| 化學式 | Yb3+：KGd（WO4）2 |
| 晶體結構 | 單斜雙鎢酸鹽 |
| 密度 | 7.27 g/cm3 |
| 傳輸范圍 | 0.35-5.5 μm |
| 莫氏硬度 | 4 to 5 |
| 1060 nm的折射率 | ng?= 2.037, np?= 1.986, nm=2.033 |
光學和熱學特性
| 導熱系數 | Ka=2.6 W/mK, Kb=3.8 W/mK, Kc=3.4 W/mK |
| 熱光學系數@ 1064 nm | dnp/dT=-15.7 * 10-6?K-1 |
| dnm/dT=-11.8 * 10-6?K-1 | |
| dng/dT=-17.3 * 10-6?K-1 | |
| 熱膨脹 | αa=4X10-6?/°C |
| αb=3.6X10-6?/°C | |
| αc=8.5X10-6?/°C | |
| 熔點溫度 | 1075?°C |
| 吸收截面 | 1.2X10-19?cm2 |
| 受激發(fā)射橫截面（E || a） | 2.6X10-20?cm2 |
| 激光波長 | 1023-1060 nm |
| 激光閾值 | 35 mW |
| Yb3 +的2F5/2歧管在77 K時的純能級（cm-1） | 10682, 10471, 10188 |
| 在77K時，Yb3 +的2F7/2流形的斯塔克能級（以cm-1為單位） | 535, 385, 163, 0 |
| 光學損傷閾值，GW / cm2 | 20 |
光譜性質
| 吸收峰波長，lpump，[nm] | 981.2 |
| 吸收線寬，Dlpump，[nm] | 3.7 |
| 峰吸收橫截面，冒泡，[cm2] | 1.2×10-19 |
| 峰值吸收系數，[cm-1] | 26 |
| 發(fā)射波長，lse，[nm] | 1023 |
| 發(fā)射線寬，Dlse，[nm] | 20 |
| 峰值發(fā)射截面，sse，[cm2] | 2.8×10-20 |
| 量子效應，lpump / lse，[nm] | 0.959 |
| 熒光壽命，tem [ms] | 0.6 |
吸收和發(fā)射光譜
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參考文獻
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